Telling the Bees

An odd death superstition involves bees. It originated in Europe and then was brought to America.

In the 19^th century, this custom spread from New England to the edge of the Appalachia. It involved people “telling the bees” when their beekeeper died. This superstition even included telling the bees when one of the keeper’s family members died.

It was believed if the bees were not told they would die or leave their hives in search of a new home.

This was an economic loss that family’s who kept bees were not willing to risk for honey was a valuable commodity.

So these families went out of their way to protect their hives--which included the following customs.

When someone died a person was sent to inform the bees of this death. They would then drape the hive in black crepe. In some instances, funeral cake or wine was left out for the bees to enjoy.

Many families even pinned an “invitation” to the funeral on the hive.

This last custom came about because bees were known to invade funeral services if

Danville Bee
June 4, 1956

they were not told. These incidents are well documented. Here are just a few.

In 1894, during a funeral being held in a church, the mourners noticed swarming bees. A pallbearer was stung on the neck and the Undertaker was attacked viciously.

When the procession headed for the graveyard the bees followed. Many of the mourners left afraid they would also be stung.

Minneapolis Journal
July 6,1901

In 1901, a graveside service for a deceased Indiana child turned into a scene of panic when the mourners were attacked by thousands of bees as the coffin was lowered into the ground.

The grave could not be covered until that night when it was safer.

Margaret Culp’s funeral in 1916 was delayed when farmers scheduled to dig her grave where “stung severely” by bees.

The Washington Herald
August 9,1916

Honey-bee swarm.

At the turn of the century, during a funeral for Josh Simms in Kentucky flowers were placed on his grave as it was being covered. Mourners then watched as a huge swarm of bees landed on the gravesite.

They then stung many mourners who had remained behind.

All these funerals have something in common—the deceased was either a beekeeper or was a relative of one. The bees had not been told there was a death in the family—and when the hives were checked afterward they were abandoned.

In 1858, the American poet, John Greenleaf Whittier wrote a poem about this belief

John Greenleaf Whittier

entitled, Telling the Bees. Here is just the last part of this poem.

Before them, under the garden wall,

Forward and back,

Went drearily singing the chore-girl small,

Draping each hive with a shred of black.

Trembling, I listened: the summer sun

Had the chill of snow;

For I knew she was telling the bees of one

Gone on the journey we all must go!

Then I said to myself, “My Mary weeps

For the dead to-day:

Haply her blind old grandsire sleeps

The fret and the pain of his age away.”

But her dog whined low; on the doorway sill,

With his cane to his chin,

The old man sat, and the chore-girl still

Sung to the bees stealing out and in.

And the song she was singing ever since

In my ear sounds on:--

“Stay at home, pretty bees, fly not hence!

Mistress Mary is dead and gone!”

Here is a link to the entire poem.

Ambrose Bierce’s Stories

“The fact that Henry Armstrong was buried did not seem to him to prove that he was dead: he had always been a hard man to convince.”

                                    First line from One Summer Night

Ambrose Bierce was one of American’s best writers in the 19^th century. He was a journalist, critic and short story writer. Bierce never used needless words when it came to his writing. He unlike many of his contemporaries did not use “flowery” prose in his fictional stories.

“Virtually everything that came from his pen was notable for its’ judicious wording and economy of style.” *

This style makes his writing modern even by today’s standards. I admire this most about his stories because a well-respected university professor once stated to me, “When you write cut out the garbage”.

“Bierce’s tales often included: abrupt beginnings, dark imagery, and vague references to time, limited descriptions, and impossible events.”  *

His stories left the details to the imagination of the reader. This style served him particularly well when it came to his short horror and ghost stories.

Bierce born in the 1840s was a Union soldier in the Civil War for four years. Many of his best tales are about war. As a journalist he made more than one enemy. He was a ruthless editorialist, i e., critic, which brought even more enemies to his doorstep. Despite this ire no one denied that fact that he was a very talented writer. So he unlike many critics today actually practiced what he preached.

Bierce entitled his anthology of ghost stories, Can Such Things Be?  This collection of supernatural tales reflects Bierce’s own life experience. He knew the pain and terror of war and he used these feelings to enrich his ghost tales. But unlike the typical scary story he never brought the object of the “horror” too close to his readers. Instead he always kept it slightly at a distance, even blurred--this keeps the reader in the dark, which effectively keeps them on edge. The end result of this makes his stories even more horrifying.

Ambrose Bierce disappeared at the age of 71 while in Mexico gathering information about the Mexican Revolution.

One of his best war stories:

An Occurrence at Owl Creek Ridge

One of his best horror stories:

One Summer Night

One of his best ghost stories:

Present at a Hanging

*  Rafferty, Terence (2011, October 28) Ambrose Bierce: The Man and his Demons, The New York Times, Sunday Book Review, Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/30/books/review/ambrose-bierce-the-man-and-his-demons.html?_r=1&